Community pharmacies: promoting health and wellbeing

Referral within a formal care pathway:- Is referral from a community pharmacy within a formal local care pathway framework more effective and cost effective than signposting alone in improving access to, and uptake of, services by underserved groups and the general population?

Health and wellbeing interventions:- How effective and cost effective are awareness raising, advice and education or behavioural support interventions delivered by community pharmacy teams to improve health and behavioural outcomes in underserved groups and the general population?

Addressing health inequalities:- What are the barriers to and facilitators for increasing access to community pharmacy services by underserved groups? How should health and wellbeing interventions be tailored to increase service uptake in underserved groups?

Characteristics of a person delivering an intervention:- How do the professional characteristics of pharmacy staff affect the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of delivering information, advice, education or behavioural support to underserved groups and the general population? (Characteristics include, for example, job roles such as health champion, as well as competencies and level of training.)

Patient activation:- How effective and cost effective is advice, education or behavioural support offered by community pharmacy teams to improve patient activation and measures of behaviour and health changes, particularly in areas where activation levels are lower? This includes evaluating factors such as frequency, intensity and duration of the intervention.