Children and young people

NICE Pathways

Interactive topic-based flowcharts that allow you to navigate our recommendations on any subject. Find out more about NICE Pathways.

• Antisocial behaviour and conduct disorders in children and young people

• Attachment difficulties in children and young people

• Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

• Autism spectrum disorder

• Bacterial meningitis and meningococcal septicaemia in under 16s

• Bedwetting in children and young people

• Blood and bone marrow cancers

• Bronchiolitis in children

• Cerebral palsy in under 25s

• Child abuse and neglect

• Constipation

• Contraceptive services for under 25s

• Depression

• Developmental follow-up of children and young people born preterm

• Diabetes in children and young people

• Diarrhoea and vomiting in children

• Diet

• Dyspepsia and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease

• Eating disorders

• Eczema

• End of life care for people with life-limiting conditions

• Epilepsy

• Excess winter deaths and illnesses associated with cold homes

• Faltering growth

• Fever in under 5s

• Food allergy in under 19s

• Harmful sexual behaviour among children and young people

• Immunisations for under 19s

• Intravenous fluid therapy in hospital

• Learning disabilities and behaviour that challenges

• Lifestyle weight management services for overweight or obese children and young people

• Looked-after babies, children and young people

• Lung cancer

• Maternal and child nutrition

• Myeloma

• Physical activity

• Postnatal care

• Preventing sexually transmitted infections and under-18 conceptions

• Prophylaxis against infective endocarditis

• Psychosis and schizophrenia

• Sedation in children and young people

• Sepsis

• Smoking

• Social and emotional wellbeing for children and young people

• Spasticity in children and young people

• Surgical management of otitis media with effusion in children

• Suspected cancer recognition and referral

• Transient loss of consciousness

• Transition from children's to adults' services

• Unintentional injuries among under-15s

• Urinary tract infection in under 16s

NICE guidelines

Evidence-based recommendations on a range of health and care topics. Find out more about NICE guidelines

• Antisocial behaviour and conduct disorders in children and young people: recognition and management (CG158)

  Id:

  CG158

  Published date:

  March 2013

• Atopic eczema in under 12s: diagnosis and management (CG57)

  Id:

  CG57

  Published date:

  December 2007

• Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: diagnosis and management (NG87)

  New

  Yes

  Id:

  NG87

  Published date:

  March 2018

• Autism spectrum disorder in under 19s: recognition, referral and diagnosis (CG128)

  Updated

  Yes

  Id:

  CG128

  Published date:

  September 2011

  Last updated:

  December 2017

• Autism spectrum disorder in under 19s: support and management (CG170)

  Id:

  CG170

  Published date:

  August 2013

• Bedwetting in under 19s (CG111)

  Id:

  CG111

  Published date:

  October 2010

• Bronchiolitis in children: diagnosis and management (NG9)

  Id:

  NG9

  Published date:

  June 2015

• Cerebral palsy in under 25s: assessment and management (NG62)

  Id:

  NG62

  Published date:

  January 2017

• Child abuse and neglect (NG76)

  Id:

  NG76

  Published date:

  October 2017

• Child maltreatment: when to suspect maltreatment in under 18s (CG89)

  Id:

  CG89

  Published date:

  July 2009

• Children’s attachment: attachment in children and young people who are adopted from care, in care or at high risk of going into care (NG26)

  Id:

  NG26

  Published date:

  November 2015

• Constipation in children and young people: diagnosis and management (CG99)

  Id:

  CG99

  Published date:

  May 2010

• Contraceptive services for under 25s (PH51)

  Id:

  PH51

  Published date:

  March 2014

• Depression in children and young people: identification and management (CG28)

  Id:

  CG28

  Published date:

  September 2005

• Developmental follow-up of children and young people born preterm (NG72)

  Id:

  NG72

  Published date:

  August 2017

• Diabetes (type 1 and type 2) in children and young people: diagnosis and management (NG18)

  Id:

  NG18

  Published date:

  August 2015

• Diarrhoea and vomiting caused by gastroenteritis in under 5s: diagnosis and management (CG84)

  Id:

  CG84

  Published date:

  April 2009

• Eating disorders: recognition and treatment (NG69)

  Id:

  NG69

  Published date:

  May 2017

• End of life care for infants, children and young people with life-limiting conditions: planning and management (NG61)

  Id:

  NG61

  Published date:

  December 2016

• Epilepsies: diagnosis and management (CG137)

  Updated

  Yes

  Id:

  CG137

  Published date:

  January 2012

  Last updated:

  April 2018

• Excess winter deaths and illness and the health risks associated with cold homes (NG6)

  Id:

  NG6

  Published date:

  March 2015

• Faltering growth: recognition and management of faltering growth in children (NG75)

  Id:

  NG75

  Published date:

  September 2017

• Fever in under 5s: assessment and initial management (CG160)

  Id:

  CG160

  Published date:

  May 2013

• Food allergy in under 19s: assessment and diagnosis (CG116)

  Id:

  CG116

  Published date:

  February 2011

• Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in children and young people: diagnosis and management (NG1)

  Id:

  NG1

  Published date:

  January 2015

• Harmful sexual behaviour among children and young people (NG55)

  Id:

  NG55

  Published date:

  September 2016

• Immunisations: reducing differences in uptake in under 19s (PH21)

  Id:

  PH21

  Published date:

  September 2009

• Improving outcomes in children and young people with cancer (CSG7)

  Id:

  CSG7

  Published date:

  August 2005

• Intravenous fluid therapy in children and young people in hospital (NG29)

  Id:

  NG29

  Published date:

  December 2015

• Learning disabilities and behaviour that challenges: service design and delivery (NG93)

  New

  Yes

  Id:

  NG93

  Published date:

  March 2018

• Looked-after children and young people (PH28)

  Id:

  PH28

  Published date:

  October 2010

• Maternal and child nutrition (PH11)

  Id:

  PH11

  Published date:

  March 2008

• Meningitis (bacterial) and meningococcal septicaemia in under 16s: recognition, diagnosis and management (CG102)

  Id:

  CG102

  Published date:

  June 2010

• Otitis media with effusion in under 12s: surgery (CG60)

  Id:

  CG60

  Published date:

  February 2008

• Physical activity for children and young people (PH17)

  Id:

  PH17

  Published date:

  January 2009

• Prophylaxis against infective endocarditis: antimicrobial prophylaxis against infective endocarditis in adults and children undergoing interventional procedures (CG64)

  Id:

  CG64

  Published date:

  March 2008

• Psychosis and schizophrenia in children and young people: recognition and management (CG155)

  Id:

  CG155

  Published date:

  January 2013

• Sedation in under 19s: using sedation for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures (CG112)

  Id:

  CG112

  Published date:

  December 2010

• Sexually transmitted infections and under-18 conceptions: prevention (PH3)

  Id:

  PH3

  Published date:

  February 2007

• Smoking prevention in schools (PH23)

  Id:

  PH23

  Published date:

  February 2010

• Smoking: preventing uptake in children and young people (PH14)

  Id:

  PH14

  Published date:

  July 2008

• Social and emotional wellbeing in secondary education (PH20)

  Id:

  PH20

  Published date:

  September 2009

• Social and emotional wellbeing: early years (PH40)

  Id:

  PH40

  Published date:

  October 2012

• Spasticity in under 19s: management (CG145)

  Id:

  CG145

  Published date:

  July 2012

• Suspected cancer: recognition and referral (NG12)

  Id:

  NG12

  Published date:

  June 2015

• Transient loss of consciousness ('blackouts') in over 16s (CG109)

  Id:

  CG109

  Published date:

  August 2010

• Transition from children’s to adults’ services for young people using health or social care services (NG43)

  Id:

  NG43

  Published date:

  February 2016

• Unintentional injuries in the home: interventions for under 15s (PH30)

  Id:

  PH30

  Published date:

  November 2010

• Unintentional injuries on the road: interventions for under 15s (PH31)

  Id:

  PH31

  Published date:

  November 2010

• Unintentional injuries: prevention strategies for under 15s (PH29)

  Id:

  PH29

  Published date:

  November 2010

• Urinary tract infection in under 16s: diagnosis and management (CG54)

  Id:

  CG54

  Published date:

  August 2007

• Weight management: lifestyle services for overweight or obese children and young people (PH47)

  Id:

  PH47

  Published date:

  October 2013

Quality standards

Statements covering priority areas for quality improvement (including ways to measure quality). Find out more about Quality standards.

• Antisocial behaviour and conduct disorders in children and young people (QS59)

  Id:

  QS59

  Published date:

  April 2014

• Atopic eczema in under 12s (QS44)

  Id:

  QS44

  Published date:

  September 2013

• Bedwetting in children and young people (QS70)

  Id:

  QS70

  Published date:

  September 2014

• Bipolar disorder, psychosis and schizophrenia in children and young people (QS102)

  Id:

  QS102

  Published date:

  October 2015

• Bronchiolitis in children (QS122)

  Id:

  QS122

  Published date:

  June 2016

• Cancer services for children and young people (QS55)

  Id:

  QS55

  Published date:

  February 2014

• Cerebral palsy in children and young people (QS162)

  Id:

  QS162

  Published date:

  October 2017

• Children’s attachment (QS133)

  Id:

  QS133

  Published date:

  October 2016

• Constipation in children and young people (QS62)

  Id:

  QS62

  Published date:

  May 2014

• Depression in children and young people (QS48)

  Id:

  QS48

  Published date:

  September 2013

• Developmental follow-up of children and young people born preterm (QS169)

  New

  Yes

  Id:

  QS169

  Published date:

  May 2018

• Diabetes in children and young people (QS125)

  Id:

  QS125

  Published date:

  July 2016

• Early years: promoting health and wellbeing in under 5s (QS128)

  Id:

  QS128

  Published date:

  August 2016

• End of life care for infants, children and young people (QS160)

  Id:

  QS160

  Published date:

  September 2017

• Epilepsy in children and young people (QS27)

  Id:

  QS27

  Published date:

  February 2013

• Fever in under 5s (QS64)

  Id:

  QS64

  Published date:

  July 2014

• Food allergy (QS118)

  Id:

  QS118

  Published date:

  March 2016

• Gastro-oesophageal reflux in children and young people (QS112)

  Id:

  QS112

  Published date:

  January 2016

• Haematological cancers (QS150)

  Id:

  QS150

  Published date:

  June 2017

• Headaches in over 12s (QS42)

  Id:

  QS42

  Published date:

  August 2013

• Intravenous fluid therapy in children and young people in hospital (QS131)

  Id:

  QS131

  Published date:

  September 2016

• Looked-after children and young people (QS31)

  Id:

  QS31

  Published date:

  April 2013

• Maternal and child nutrition (QS98)

  Id:

  QS98

  Published date:

  July 2015

• Meningitis (bacterial) and meningococcal septicaemia in children and young people (QS19)

  Id:

  QS19

  Published date:

  June 2012

• Obesity in children and young people: prevention and lifestyle weight management programmes (QS94)

  Id:

  QS94

  Published date:

  July 2015

• Obesity: clinical assessment and management (QS127)

  Id:

  QS127

  Published date:

  August 2016

• Preventing unintentional injury in under 15s (QS107)

  Id:

  QS107

  Published date:

  January 2016

• Suspected cancer (QS124)

  Updated

  Yes

  Id:

  QS124

  Published date:

  June 2016

  Last updated:

  December 2017

• Transition from children’s to adults’ services (QS140)

  Id:

  QS140

  Published date:

  December 2016

• Urinary tract infection in children and young people (QS36)

  Id:

  QS36

  Published date:

  July 2013

• Vaccine uptake in under 19s (QS145)

  Id:

  QS145

  Published date:

  March 2017

Technology appraisal guidance

Assessments of the clinical and cost effectiveness of health technologies (most commonly medicines, but also medical devices, procedures and diagnostic techniques). Find out more about Technology appraisals guidance.

• Adalimumab, etanercept and ustekinumab for treating plaque psoriasis in children and young people (TA455)

  Id:

  TA455

  Published date:

  July 2017

• Aripiprazole for the treatment of schizophrenia in people aged 15 to 17 years (TA213)

  Id:

  TA213

  Published date:

  January 2011

• Aripiprazole for treating moderate to severe manic episodes in adolescents with bipolar I disorder (TA292)

  Id:

  TA292

  Published date:

  July 2013

• Canakinumab for treating systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (terminated appraisal) (TA302)

  Id:

  TA302

  Published date:

  November 2013

• Guidance on the use of inhaler systems (devices) in children under the age of 5 years with chronic asthma (TA10)

  Id:

  TA10

  Published date:

  August 2000

• Human growth hormone (somatropin) for the treatment of growth failure in children (TA188)

  Id:

  TA188

  Published date:

  May 2010

• Immunosuppressive therapy for kidney transplant in children and young people (TA482)

  Id:

  TA482

  Published date:

  October 2017

• Inhaled corticosteroids for the treatment of chronic asthma in children under the age of 12 years (TA131)

  Id:

  TA131

  Published date:

  November 2007

• Inhaler devices for routine treatment of chronic asthma in older children (aged 5–15 years) (TA38)

  Id:

  TA38

  Published date:

  March 2002

• Peginterferon alfa and ribavirin for treating chronic hepatitis C in children and young people (TA300)

  Id:

  TA300

  Published date:

  November 2013

• Tocilizumab for the treatment of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (TA238)

  Id:

  TA238

  Published date:

  December 2011

Highly specialised technologies guidance

Recommendations on the use of highly specialised medicines and treatments for very rare conditions. Find out more about Highly specialised technologies guidance.

• Asfotase alfa for treating paediatric-onset hypophosphatasia (HST6)

  Id:

  HST6

  Published date:

  August 2017

Interventional procedures guidance

Assessments of whether procedures are safe enough and work well enough for wider use in the NHS. Find out more about Interventional procedures guidance.

• Balloon dilatation of systemic to pulmonary arterial shunts in children (IPG77)

  Id:

  IPG77

  Published date:

  July 2004

• Balloon dilatation with or without stenting for pulmonary artery or non-valvar right ventricular outflow tract obstruction in children (IPG76)

  Id:

  IPG76

  Published date:

  July 2004

• Serial transverse enteroplasty procedure (STEP) for bowel lengthening in parenteral nutrition-dependent children (IPG232)

  Id:

  IPG232

  Published date:

  September 2007

• Vagus nerve stimulation for refractory epilepsy in children (IPG50)

  Id:

  IPG50

  Published date:

  March 2004

Medical technologies guidance

Recommendations about whether new medical devices and diagnostics should be adopted in place of current techniques. Find out more about Medical technologies guidance.

• The MAGEC system for spinal lengthening in children with scoliosis (MTG18)

  Id:

  MTG18

  Published date:

  June 2014

Evidence summaries

Summaries of the best available evidence for selected new medicines, off-label use of licensed medicines and unlicensed medicines. Find out more about Evidence summaries.

• Acute diarrhoea in children: racecadotril as an adjunct to oral rehydration (ESNM12)

  Id:

  ESNM12

  Published date:

  March 2013

• Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and young people: clonidine (ESUOM8)

  Id:

  ESUOM8

  Published date:

  April 2013

• Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and young people: guanfacine prolonged-release (ESNM70)

  Id:

  ESNM70

  Published date:

  March 2016

• Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and young people: lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (ESNM19)

  Id:

  ESNM19

  Published date:

  May 2013

• Management of vomiting in children and young people with gastroenteritis: ondansetron (ESUOM34)

  Id:

  ESUOM34

  Published date:

  October 2014

• Mitochondrial disorders in children: Co-enzyme Q10 (ES11)

  Id:

  ES11

  Published date:

  March 2017

• Partial seizures in children and young people with epilepsy: zonisamide as adjunctive therapy (ESNM37)

  Id:

  ESNM37

  Published date:

  March 2014

• Promoting tolerance of enteral feeds in children and young people: domperidone (ESUOM18)

  Id:

  ESUOM18

  Published date:

  July 2013

• Severe sialorrhoea (drooling) in children and young people with chronic neurological disorders: oral glycopyrronium bromide (ES5)

  Id:

  ES5

  Published date:

  February 2017

• Sleep disorders in children and young people with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: melatonin (ESUOM2)

  Id:

  ESUOM2

  Published date:

  January 2013

Medtech innovation briefings

Information on device and diagnostic technologies to help local decision-making. Find out more about Medtech innovation briefings (MIBs).

• Health app: ChatHealth communication platform in school nursing services (MIB130)

  Id:

  MIB130

  Published date:

  November 2017

• Mollii suit for spasticity (MIB100)

  Id:

  MIB100

  Published date:

  March 2017

• Next-generation sequencing panel for solid tumour cancers in children (MIB133)

  New

  Yes

  Id:

  MIB133

  Published date:

  January 2018

• Thora-3Di for assessing asthma in children (MIB122)

  Id:

  MIB122

  Published date:

  October 2017

In development

• Child abuse and neglect

  New

  Yes

  Programme:

  Quality standard

  Expected publication date:

  February 2019

• Children and young people with severe complex needs: social care support

  Programme:

  NICE guideline

  Expected publication date:

  TBC

• Dasatinib for treating Philadelphia-chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children and adults ID1297

  New

  Yes

  Programme:

  Technology appraisal guidance

  Expected publication date:

  TBC

• Depression in children and young people: identification and management

  New

  Yes

  Programme:

  NICE guideline

  Expected publication date:

  April 2019

• Neuroblastoma (high risk) - Dinutuximab beta [ID910]

  In consultation

  Yes

  New

  Yes

  Programme:

  Technology appraisal guidance

  Expected publication date:

  TBC

  Consultation ends:

  29 May 2018

• Spineform Hemibridge endoscopic vertebral stapling to reduce curvature in the growing scoliotic spine in children

  Programme:

  Interventional procedures guidance

  Expected publication date:

  TBC

• Tisagenlecleucel-T for previously treated B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in people aged 3 to 21 at initial diagnosis [ID1167]

  New

  Yes

  Programme:

  Technology appraisal guidance

  Expected publication date:

  TBC

Proposed

• Axicabtagene ciloleucel for previously treated B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in people aged 2 to 21 ID1336

  Programme:

  Technology appraisal guidance

  Expected publication date:

  TBC

• Fingolimod for treating relapsing multiple sclerosis in children and young people [ID1378]

  Programme:

  Technology appraisal guidance

  Expected publication date:

  TBC

New guidance and advice

Guidance and advice added since November 2017

• Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: diagnosis and management (NG87)

  New

  Yes

  Id:

  NG87

  Programme:

  NICE guideline

  Published date:

  March 2018

• Child abuse and neglect

  New

  Yes

  Programme:

  Quality standard

  Expected publication date:

  February 2019

  Status:

  In development

• Dasatinib for treating Philadelphia-chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children and adults ID1297

  New

  Yes

  Programme:

  Technology appraisal guidance

  Expected publication date:

  TBC

  Status:

  In development

• Depression in children and young people: identification and management

  New

  Yes

  Programme:

  NICE guideline

  Expected publication date:

  April 2019

  Status:

  In development

• Developmental follow-up of children and young people born preterm (QS169)

  New

  Yes

  Id:

  QS169

  Programme:

  Quality standard

  Published date:

  May 2018

• Learning disabilities and behaviour that challenges: service design and delivery (NG93)

  New

  Yes

  Id:

  NG93

  Programme:

  NICE guideline

  Published date:

  March 2018

• Neuroblastoma (high risk) - Dinutuximab beta [ID910]

  In consultation

  Yes

  New

  Yes

  Programme:

  Technology appraisal guidance

  Expected publication date:

  TBC

  Status:

  In development

  Consultation ends:

  29 May 2018

• Next-generation sequencing panel for solid tumour cancers in children (MIB133)

  New

  Yes

  Id:

  MIB133

  Programme:

  Medtech innovation briefing

  Published date:

  January 2018

• Tisagenlecleucel-T for previously treated B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in people aged 3 to 21 at initial diagnosis [ID1167]

  New

  Yes

  Programme:

  Technology appraisal guidance

  Expected publication date:

  TBC

  Status:

  In development

Updated guidance and advice

Guidance and advice updated since November 2017

• Autism spectrum disorder in under 19s: recognition, referral and diagnosis (CG128)

  Updated

  Yes

  Id:

  CG128

  Programme:

  Clinical guideline

  Published date:

  September 2011

  Last updated:

  December 2017

• Epilepsies: diagnosis and management (CG137)

  Updated

  Yes

  Id:

  CG137

  Programme:

  Clinical guideline

  Published date:

  January 2012

  Last updated:

  April 2018

• Suspected cancer (QS124)

  Updated

  Yes

  Id:

  QS124

  Programme:

  Quality standard

  Published date:

  June 2016

  Last updated:

  December 2017

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News & blog

Latest news on this topic

Long term benefit of neuroblastoma treatment is too uncertain, says NICE

NICE has published draft guidance in which dinutuximab beta is not recommended as a treatment for high-risk neuroblastoma – a rare type of cancer that mainly affects children and young people.

Published:

04 May 2018

Latest blog on this topic

Keeping children and young people safe from abuse

Professor May-Chahal explains how NICE guidance will help protect children and young people from abuse.

Written by:

Professor Corinne May-Chahal, chair of the NICE ‘Child abuse and neglect’ guideline committee

Published:

05 March 2018