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  4. More trials of apixaban compared with other low molecular weight heparin (LMWHs) in total hip and knee replacement would decrease the uncertainty of the clinical and cost effectiveness of these treatments. Trials directly comparing apixaban with rivaroxaban, dabigatran etexilate and fondaparinux would strengthen the evidence base for these comparisons.

    Recommendation ID TA245/1 Question More trials of apixaban compared with other low molecular weight heparin (LMWHs) in total hip and knee

    Research recommendation
    Published

  8. How do the following factors affect the nursing staff requirement at ward level in the UK? - Patient factors - Patients' nursing needs (sometimes referred to as acuity and dependency) - Time of day - Ward layout and size (including the use of single rooms) - Ward level team leadership and management - Organisational training approaches - Organisational policies and procedures (for example, productive ward, Lean)

    Recommendation ID SG1/2 Question How do the following factors affect the nursing staff requirement at ward level in the UK? - Patient factors

    Research recommendation
    Published

  9. Characteristics of a person delivering an intervention:- How do the professional characteristics of pharmacy staff affect the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of delivering information, advice, education or behavioural support to underserved groups and the general population? (Characteristics include, for example, job roles such as health champion, as well as competencies and level of training.)

    Recommendation ID NG102/4 Question Characteristics of a person delivering an intervention:- How do the professional characteristics of

    Research recommendation
    Published

  13. How effective and cost effective are different types of exercise referral scheme? Compare the relative effects of different models in controlled studies. Include health-related quality of life as an outcome. Compare exercise referral schemes that vary by: - setting – for example, home-based, gym-based, community-based or outdoors - intensity and duration – for example, a 12-week scheme involving 1 session a week, or a 6-week scheme involving 4 1-hour sessions per week - the techniques used, for example, some use additional 'supportive' techniques such as 'motivational interviewing' and education sessions - the target group, for example, people who are overweight and obese, people with raised blood pressure or cholesterol levels or those experiencing mild depression, anxiety or stress; or by age, gender, race or socioeconomic status - other scheme characteristics including: design, content and delivery; referral mechanisms; choice of activity; cost and qualifications of instructors; and whether it is commissioned and delivered by an NHS, non-NHS or community-based organisation.

    Recommendation ID PH54/1 Question How effective and cost effective are different types of exercise referral scheme? Compare the relative

    Research recommendation
    Published

  16. People with limited mobility:- How effective and cost effective are environmental changes to increase physical activity among people with limited mobility because of either enduring or life-stage specific factors (for example, small children, parents with prams or buggies, disabled people including those with sensoryimpairments and learning disabilities, older people, people with dementia and their carers)? Are effects maintained over time?

    Recommendation ID NG90/4 Question People with limited mobility:- How effective and cost effective are environmental changes to increase

    Research recommendation
    Published

  17. Use of public open spaces by particular groups:- How effective and cost effective are environmental changes to increase physical activity through use of public open spaces (including blue, green and grey spaces) by the following groups:- black and minority ethnic groups- groups with low socioeconomic status- groups experiencing other forms of disadvantage, for example carers, people with severe mental health conditions?Are effects maintained over time?

    Recommendation ID NG90/3 Question Use of public open spaces by particular groups:- How effective and cost effective are environmental changes

    Research recommendation
    Published

  21. How effective and cost effective are interventions to increase vitamin D access, uptake, adherence or status among identified at-risk groups? Does effectiveness vary by age, gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic or other specific population characteristics (such as depression or a disability)? The following could be considered: - availability and uptake of supplements (including the impact of the cost of supplements) - type of supplements provided and how that impacts on adherence - knowledge and attitudes (of both the public and health and social care practitioners).

    Recommendation ID PH56/1 Question How effective and cost effective are interventions to increase vitamin D access, uptake, adherence or

    Research recommendation
    Published

  25. How effective and cost effective are lifestyle weight management programmes available in the UK over at least at least 3 to 5 years, and ideally beyond 10 years. Specifically: - Do short-term (12-week) interventions provide adults with the self-management skills they need to maintain weight loss in the long term? - Are alternative approaches to weight management (such as approaches that focus on a healthy lifestyle, behaviour change and the prevention of weight gain rather than weight loss) effective and cost effective in the long term? - How effective and cost effective are programmes for people of different ages, gender, sexuality or from different ethnic or socioeconomic groups? - How effective and cost effective are programmes for specific population groups, such as adults with depression or with disabilities?

    Recommendation ID PH53/2 Question How effective and cost effective are lifestyle weight management programmes available in the UK over

    Research recommendation
    Published

  28. Early revascularisation strategy for people with angina and multivessel disease:- In people with stable angina and multivessel disease (including left main stem disease) whose symptoms are controlled with optimal drug treatment, would an initial treatment strategy of revascularisation be clinically and cost effective compared with continued drug treatment?

    Recommendation ID CG126/3 Question Early revascularisation strategy for people with angina and multivessel disease:- In people with stable

    Research recommendation
    Published

  34. Effective interventions for addressing child abuse and neglect in the UK:- What interventions, approaches and methodologies provided by social care and voluntary sectorservices are effective and cost effective in the UK to prevent the recurrence of child abuse and neglect, and to improve the wellbeing of children, young people and families?

    Recommendation ID NG76/9 Question Effective interventions for addressing child abuse and neglect in the UK:- What interventions, approaches

    Research recommendation
    Published

  36. Effective interventions for children and young people who have experienced online-facilitated abuse, including online grooming:- What interventions are effective and cost effective in improving the wellbeing of children and young people who have experienced online-facilitated abuse, including grooming online?

    Recommendation ID NG76/8 Question Effective interventions for children and young people who have experienced online-facilitated abuse,

    Research recommendation
    Published

  37. Effective interventions for parents or carers with substance misuse problems:- What interventions, including family behaviour therapy, are effective and cost effective inimproving parenting and preventing recurrence of neglect by parents or carers with substance misuse problems and whose children are on a child protection plan under the category of neglect in the UK?

    Recommendation ID NG76/13 Question Effective interventions for parents or carers with substance misuse problems:- What interventions, including

    Research recommendation
    Published