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    Table 1 Abbreviations

    Abbreviation

    Definition

    AE

    Adverse event

    AHRF

    Acute hypoxic respiratory failure

    ARDS

    Acute respiratory distress syndrome

    avECCO2R

    Arteriovenous extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal

    CI

    Confidence intervals

    COPD

    Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

    ECCO2R

    Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal

    ECMO

    Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

    ECLS

    Extracorporeal life support

    FiO2

    Fraction of inspired oxygen

    ICU

    Intensive care unit

    IMV

    Invasive mechanical ventilation

    MV

    Mechanical ventilation

    NIV

    Non-invasive ventilation

    PaCO2

    Partial pressure of carbon dioxide

    PaO2

    Partial pressure of oxygen

    PEEP

    Positive end-expiratory pressure

    PTSD

    Post-traumatic stress disorder

    RCT

    Randomised controlled trial

    RR

    Relative risk

    SAE

    Serious adverse event

    VFD

    Ventilator-free day

    vvECCO2R

    Venovenous extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal