Spinal cord stimulation for chronic pain of neuropathic or ischaemic origin

Further research is recommended as follows.

• Comparative studies (preferably in the form of randomised controlled trials) to assess the use of SCS for the treatment of people with chronic pain of ischaemic origin. These studies should be designed to generate robust evidence about the benefits of spinal cord stimulation (including pain relief, function and quality of life) compared with standard care.

• Observational research to generate robust evidence about the durability of benefits in the use of SCS for the treatment of people with chronic pain of neuropathic origin.