Intrapartum care

The following documents contain the evidence that was used to develop the 2025 recommendations:

• Effects and safety of water immersion during the second stage of labour
• Technical data underpinning the evidence review on effects and safety of water immersion during the second stage of labour
• Supporting document for the recommendations on fluid balance and peripartum hyponatraemia

The following documents contain the evidence that was used to develop the 2023 recommendations:

• Impact of BMI on choice of place of birth
• Initial assessment of women reporting prelabour rupture of membranes 
• Sterile water injections 
• Remifentanil patient-controlled analgesia 
• Programmed intermittent epidural bolus 
• Use of oxytocin in the first or second stage of labour 
• Position for birth 
• Pushing techniques 
• Interventions to reduce perineal trauma
• Prophylactic antibiotics for birth with forceps or ventouse 
• Active and physiological management of the third stage
• Route of administration of oxytocin in the third stage of labour
• Uterotonics for the prevention of postpartum haemorrhage 
• Position of the baby during cord clamping 
• Pharmacological management of postpartum haemorrhage 

These documents preserve evidence reviews and committee discussions for areas of the guideline before 2023:

• Full guideline
• Appendix Ia
• Appendix Ib
• Addendum 190.2

Other supporting evidence

• Supplement 1: Methods
• Supplement 2: Glossary and abbreviations
• Supplement 3: Editorial changes
• Supplement 4: Evidence tables for review M
• Supplement 5: GRADE tables for review M
• Supplement 6: Developer team