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The wider determinants of health are a broad range of social, economic and environmental factors that influence people’s health and well-being.
The Labonte model identifies psycho-social factors as crucial determinants of health.
In the Labonte model, physiological impacts refer to the direct effects on the body’s systems and functions due to factors such as stress, lifestyle choices, and environmental conditions.
The government uses a simple, but effective, model of the causes of health inequalities. This helps guide effective strategies to reduce them.
The Marmot Review summarised the importance the impact of addressing inequalities in health in later life and investing in the early years to preventing ill health later in life.
Positive experiences early in life are closely associated with better performance at school, better social and emotional development, improved work outcomes, higher income and better lifelong health, including longer life expectancy.
The report concluded that having enough money to lead a healthy life is central to health and that poverty and low living standards are powerful determinants of ill health and health inequity.
The Marmot Review described the graded relationship between socioeconomic position and educational outcomes and the associations with health and other outcomes in later life.
The Marmot Review concluded that being in good employment is usually protective of health while unemployment, particularly long term unemployment, contributes significantly to poor health.
Create and develop healthy and sustainable places and communities
The Marmot Review assessed the importance of communities in shaping physical and mental health and wellbeing and described how inequalities among communities are related to inequalities in health.
The Marmot review set out to identify effective evidence-based strategies for reducing health inequalities.
Mental health is one of the key clinical areas of health inequalities identified in NHS England’s Core20PLUS5 framework for children and young people.
Supporting the health and care system to implement virtual wards
Virtual wards (also known as hospital at home) provide hospital level care at home.
Referral points to virtual wards are similar to traditional models of care. Our guidance and advice can help you decide where to provide care and what to consider.
Each year we work with NHSE and the DHSC to prioritise topics for development.